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Apache虚拟主机的配置方法

2013-10-03 13:07:01 来源:itjs.cn

实验目标:在apache实现基于域名的虚拟主机 

实验用的XAMPP版本为1.7.7,内含apache版本为2.2.21 

实验前准备:

1. 为了测试不同的域名,在Windows/System32/drivers/etc/下觅得hosts文件,在其中添加实验用的域名若干,如 -

127.0.0.1   test1.net

127.0.0.1   test2.net

如此,则在浏览器中输入该俩域名时,Windows将其解析为127.0.0.1本地地址。即,在浏览器中访问localhost, test1.net, test2.net均可访问XAMPP的欢迎页。

2. 在apache目录下建立目录,以放置您不同的网站。为保护XAMPP原有的htdocs中的欢迎页内容,实验另外建立了与htdocs平级的htdocs1目录,在其下建立了test1.net, test2.net两个子目录用以放置实验用的网站。如下 -

apache/htdocs1/test1.net - 放置test1.net网站内容

apache/htdocs1/test2.net - 放置test2.net网站内容

在这两个目录中各新建hello world一网页 index.html,内容 -

<HTML>

<HEAD></HEAD>

<BODY>

<H1>hello~, 这是[对应的网站名,用以区别].net</H1></BODY>

</HTML>  

实验步骤:

1. 找到apache/conf/httpd.conf, 将其中的

ServerAdmin

ServerName

DocumentRoot

注释掉。

2. 在httpd.conf中,找到行

Include "conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf"

如被注释则解注。该文件记载了虚拟主机的参数。[以前虚拟主机参数是直接填写在httpd.conf中的,为了更好地组织文件,将其分离出去,类似于某些编程语言一样。因此httpd.conf中include它,即相当于把它的内容填在了httpd.conf中。]

3. 这个httpd-vhosts.conf文件格式基本如下 - 

#blah-blah

NameVirtualHost *:80

#blah-blah

#blah-blah

<VirtualHost *:80>

ServerAdmin XXXXXXXX

DocumentRoot "XXXXXXXX"

ServerName XXXXXXX

ServerAlias XXXXXX

ErrorLog "logs/XXXXXX-error.log"

CustomLog "logs/XXXXXXX-error.log" combined   

</VirtualHost> 

需要修改的,就是<VirtualHost>中的参数了。这个可以参见apache官方文档。根据实验域名,可以增加两个<VirtualHost>:

 <VirtualHost *:80>

ServerAdmin [email protected]

DocumentRoot "C:/xampp/htdocs1/test1.net"

ServerName test1.net

ServerAlias www.test1.net

ErrorLog "logs/test1-error.log"

CustomLog "logs/test1-access.log" combined

<Directory "C:/xampp/htdocs1/test1.net">

order allow,deny

allow from all

</Directory>    

</VirtualHost>

<VirtualHost *:80>

ServerAdmin [email protected]

DocumentRoot "C:/xampp/htdocs1/test2.net"

ServerName test2.net

ServerAlias www.test2.net

ErrorLog "logs/test1-error.log"

CustomLog "logs/test1-access.log" combined

<Directory "C:/xampp/htdocs1/test2.net">

order allow,deny

allow from all

</Directory>    

</VirtualHost>

注意,如果不在各VirtualHost中定义Directory的可访问性,你将遇到的是Access Forbidden!就连原来的localhost也是。

4. 由于之前注释掉了httpd.conf中的ServerName, DocumentRoot等,为了仍然能以localhost访问原XAMPP欢迎页,就在增加一个VirtualHost,如下 - 

<VirtualHost *:80>

ServerAdmin [email protected]

DocumentRoot "C:/xampp/htdocs"

ServerName localhost

ErrorLog "logs/localhost-error.log"

CustomLog "logs/localhost-access.log" combined

<Directory "C:/xampp/htdocs">

order allow,deny

allow from all

</Directory>    

</VirtualHost>

为了避免出错,把它放置在第一个Virtualhost位置。

至此,apache基于域名的虚拟主机配置完成。可以通过http://localhost访问XAMPP欢迎页,通过http://test1.net和http://test2.net访问各自的主页。 

#

# Virtual Hosts

#

# If you want to maintain multiple domains/hostnames on your

# machine you can setup VirtualHost containers for them. Most configurations

# use only name-based virtual hosts so the server doesn't need to worry about

# IP addresses. This is indicated by the asterisks in the directives below.

#

# Please see the documentation at 

# <URL:http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/vhosts/>

# for further details before you try to setup virtual hosts.

#

# You may use the command line option '-S' to verify your virtual host

# configuration.

#

# Use name-based virtual hosting.

#

NameVirtualHost *:80

#

# VirtualHost example:

# Almost any Apache directive may go into a VirtualHost container.

# The first VirtualHost section is used for all requests that do not

# match a ServerName or ServerAlias in any <VirtualHost> block.

#

<VirtualHost *:80>

    ServerAdmin [email protected]

    DocumentRoot "E:/skydao/apache2/htdocs"

    ServerName localhost

    ServerAlias www.skydao.com

    ErrorLog "logs/localhost-error.log"

    CustomLog "logs/localhost-access.log" combined

    <Directory "E:/skydao/apache2/htdocs">

    order allow,deny

    allow from all

    </Directory>    

</VirtualHost>

<VirtualHost *:80>

    ServerAdmin [email protected]

    DocumentRoot "E:/skydao/apache2/htdocs/project1"

    ServerName project1.com

    ServerAlias www.project1.com

    ErrorLog "logs/project1-error.log"

    CustomLog "logs/project1-access.log" combined

    <Directory "E:/skydao/apache2/htdocs/project1">

    order allow,deny

    allow from all

    </Directory>    

</VirtualHost>

<VirtualHost *:80>

    ServerAdmin [email protected]

    DocumentRoot "E:/skydao/apache2/htdocs/zendTest/public"

    ServerName zendTest.com

    ServerAlias www.zendTest.com

    DirectoryIndex index.php

    <Directory />

Options FollowSymLinks

AllowOverride None

Order allow,deny

Allow from all

    </Directory>    

</VirtualHost>

<VirtualHost *:80>

    ServerAdmin [email protected]

    DocumentRoot "E:/skydao/apache2/htdocs/testRewrite"

    ServerName testRewrite.com

    ServerAlias www.testRewrite.com

    # DirectoryIndex index.php

    <Directory />

Options FollowSymLinks

AllowOverride None

Order allow,deny

Allow from all

    </Directory>    

</VirtualHost>

<VirtualHost *:80>

    ServerAdmin [email protected]

    DocumentRoot "E:/skydao/apache2/htdocs/test"

    ServerName test.com

    ServerAlias www.test.com

    ErrorLog "logs/zendTest-error.log"

    CustomLog "logs/zendTest-access.log" combined

    <Directory "E:/skydao/apache2/htdocs/test">

    order allow,deny

    allow from all

    </Directory>    

</VirtualHost>