本文是在CentOS 5.10 操作系统下测试通过的,用的是DiaHosting上 的32位系统,为什么要用32位系统?就是为了节省内存,VPS内存都不是很多的,纯32位系统比X86_X64兼用32位系统更省内存.
安装步骤:
1,升级系统和安装相关的程序库
yum -y install yum-fastestmirroryum -y update
yum -y install patch make gcc gcc-c++ gcc-g77 flex bison
yum -y install libtool libtool-libs kernel-devel autoconf
yum -y install libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel
yum -y install freetype freetype-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel zlib
zlib-devel
yum -y install glib2 glib2-devel bzip2 diff*
yum -y install bzip2-devel ncurses ncurses-devel curl curl-devel
e2fsprogs
yum -y install e2fsprogs-devel krb5 krb5-devel libidn
libidn-devel
yum -y install openssl openssl-devel vim-minimal
yum -y install fonts-chinese scim-chewing scim-pinyin
scim-tables-chinese
2,下载相关程序源码包
wgethttp://catlnmp.googlecode.com/files/libiconv-1.13.1.tar.gz
wget http://catlnmp.googlecode.com/files/libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz
wget http://catlnmp.googlecode.com/files/mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz
wget http://catlnmp.googlecode.com/files/mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz
wget http://catlnmp.googlecode.com/files/mysql-5.1.44.tar.gz
wget http://php-fpm.org/downloads/php-5.2.13-fpm-0.5.13.diff.gz
wget http://www.sfr-fresh.com/unix/www/php-5.2.13.tar.gz
wget http://catlnmp.googlecode.com/files/memcache-2.2.5.tgz
wget http://catlnmp.googlecode.com/files/PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2.tgz
wget
http://catlnmp.googlecode.com/files/eaccelerator-0.9.6.tar.bz2
wget
http://catlnmp.googlecode.com/files/ZendOptimizer-3.3.9-linux-glibc23-i386.tar.gz
wget
http://catlnmp.googlecode.com/files/ZendOptimizer-3.3.9-linux-glibc23-x86_64.tar.gz
wget http://catlnmp.googlecode.com/files/pcre-8.01.tar.gz
wget http://catlnmp.googlecode.com/files/nginx-0.7.65.tar.gz
wget
http://catlnmp.googlecode.com/files/phpMyAdmin-3.2.4-all-languages.tar.gz
wget http://catlnmp.googlecode.com/files/index.php
3,开始安装,先安装PHP需要的库程序
tar zxvf libiconv-1.13.1.tar.gz
cd libiconv-1.13.1/
./configure --prefix=/usr/local
make
make install
cd ../
tar zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz
cd libmcrypt-2.5.8/
./configure
make
make install
/sbin/ldconfig
cd libltdl/
./configure --enable-ltdl-install
make
make install
cd ../../
tar zxvf mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz
cd mhash-0.9.9.9/
./configure
make
make install
cd ../
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.la /usr/lib/libmcrypt.la
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8
/usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.a /usr/lib/libmhash.a
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.la /usr/lib/libmhash.la
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so /usr/lib/libmhash.so
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1
/usr/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1
ln -s /usr/local/bin/libmcrypt-config /usr/bin/libmcrypt-config
tar zxvf mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz
cd mcrypt-2.6.8/
./configure
make
make install
cd ../
4,安装mysql
tar -zxvf mysql-5.1.44.tar.gzcd mysql-5.1.44
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --with-extra-charsets=all
--enable-thread-safe-client --enable-assembler --with-charset=utf8
--enable-thread-safe-client --with-extra-charsets=all
--with-big-tables --with-readline --with-ssl --with-embedded-server
--enable-local-infile --without-debug
make && make install
cd ../
创建MySQL数据库,用默认的配置my.cnf
groupadd mysqluseradd -g mysql mysql
cp /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql
chown -R mysql /usr/local/mysql/var
chgrp -R mysql /usr/local/mysql/.
添加Mysql启动服务,并且设置root密码
cp /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/mysql.server/etc/init.d/mysql
chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysql
chkconfig --level 345 mysql on
echo "/usr/local/mysql/lib/mysql" >> /etc/ld.so.conf
echo "/usr/local/lib" >>/etc/ld.so.conf
ldconfig
ln -s /usr/local/mysql/lib/mysql /usr/lib/mysql
ln -s /usr/local/mysql/include/mysql /usr/include/mysql
service mysql start
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password root
//root改为你需要的密码
service mysql restart
5,安装PHP（FastCGI模式）
tar zxvf php-5.2.13.tar.gzgzip -cd php-5.2.13-fpm-0.5.13.diff.gz | patch -d php-5.2.13
-p1
cd php-5.2.13/
./buildconf --force
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php
--with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc
--with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql
--with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config
--with-iconv-dir=/usr/local --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir
--with-png-dir --with-zlib --with-libxml-dir=/usr --enable-xml
--disable-rpath --enable-discard-path --enable-safe-mode
--enable-bcmath --enable-shmop --enable-sysvsem
--enable-inline-optimization --with-curl --with-curlwrappers
--enable-mbregex --enable-fastcgi --enable-fpm
--enable-force-cgi-redirect --enable-mbstring --with-mcrypt
--with-gd --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-mhash --enable-pcntl
--enable-sockets --with-xmlrpc --enable-zip --enable-ftp
make ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv'
make install
cp php.ini-dist /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
cd ../
6,安装PHP扩展模块
tar zxvf memcache-2.2.5.tgz
cd memcache-2.2.5/
/usr/local/php/bin/phpize
./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config
make
make install
cd ../
tar zxvf PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2.tgz
cd PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2/
/usr/local/php/bin/phpize
./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config
--with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/mysql
make
make install
cd ../
安装Zend Optimizer,32位系统版本
tar zxvfZendOptimizer-3.3.9-linux-glibc23-i386.tar.gz
mkdir -p /usr/local/zend/
cp
ZendOptimizer-3.3.9-linux-glibc23-i386/data/5_2_x_comp/ZendOptimizer.so
/usr/local/zend/
如果是64位系统,则
tar zxvfZendOptimizer-3.3.9-linux-glibc23-x86_64.tar.gz
mkdir -p /usr/local/zend/
cp
ZendOptimizer-3.3.9-linux-glibc23-x86_64/data/5_2_x_comp/ZendOptimizer.so
/usr/local/zend/
配置php.ini
cat >>/usr/local/php/etc/php.ini<
7,修改php.ini文件
手工修改：查找/usr/local/php/etc/php.ini中的extension_dir =
"./"
修改为extension_dir =
"/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/"
并在此行后增加以下几行，然后保存：
extension = "memcache.so"
extension = "pdo_mysql.so"
再查找 output_buffering = Off
修改为output_buffering = On
自动修改:可执行以下shell命令,自动完成对php.ini文件的修改:
sed -i 's#extension_dir = "./"#extension_dir ="/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/"nextension
= "memcache.so"nextension = "pdo_mysql.so"n#'
/usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
sed -i 's#output_buffering = Off#output_buffering = On#'
/usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
8,配置eAccelerator加速PHP:
创建缓存目录
配置php.ini
cat >>/usr/local/php/etc/php.ini[eaccelerator]
zend_extension="/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/eaccelerator.so"
eaccelerator.shm_size="16"
eaccelerator.cache_dir="/usr/local/eaccelerator_cache"
eaccelerator.enable="1"
eaccelerator.optimizer="1"
eaccelerator.check_mtime="1"
eaccelerator.debug="0"
eaccelerator.filter=""
eaccelerator.shm_max="0"
eaccelerator.shm_ttl="3600"
eaccelerator.shm_prune_period="3600"
eaccelerator.shm_only="0"
eaccelerator.compress="1"
eaccelerator.compress_level="9"
EOF
9,创建www用户和组,以及主机需要的目录,日志目录
groupadd wwwuseradd -g www www
mkdir -p /home/www
chmod +w /home/www
mkdir -p /home/www/logs
chmod 777 /home/www/logs
chown -R www:www /home/www
10,创建php-fpm配置文件
rm -f /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.confvi /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
输入以下内容,我设置开的进程是5个.需要更改进程数,可以修改5（这里要留意一下，以后可能你需要修改）
All relative paths in this config are relative to php'sinstall prefix Pid file /usr/local/php/logs/php-fpm.pid Error log
file /usr/local/php/logs/php-fpm.log Log level notice When this
amount of php processes exited with SIGSEGV or SIGBUS ... 10 ... in
a less than this interval of time, a graceful restart will be
initiated. Useful to work around accidental curruptions in
accelerator's shared memory. 1m Time limit on waiting child's
reaction on signals from master 5s Set to 'no' to debug fpm yes
Name of pool. Used in logs and stats. default Address to accept
fastcgi requests on. Valid syntax is 'ip.ad.re.ss:port' or just
'port' or '/path/to/unix/socket' /tmp/php-cgi.sock Set listen(2)
backlog -1 Set permissions for unix socket, if one used. In Linux
read/write permissions must be set in order to allow connections
from web server. Many BSD-derrived systems allow connections
regardless of permissions. 0666 Additional php.ini defines,
specific to this pool of workers. /usr/sbin/sendmail -t -i1 Unix
user of processes www Unix group of processes www Process manager
settings Sets style of controling worker process count. Valid
values are 'static' and 'apache-like' static Sets the limit on the
number of simultaneous requests that will be served. Equivalent to
Apache MaxClients directive. Equivalent to PHP_FCGI_CHILDREN
environment in original php.fcgi Used with any pm_style. 5 Settings
group for 'apache-like' pm style Sets the number of server
processes created on startup. Used only when 'apache-like' pm_style
is selected 20 Sets the desired minimum number of idle server
processes. Used only when 'apache-like' pm_style is selected 5 Sets
the desired maximum number of idle server processes. Used only when
'apache-like' pm_style is selected 35 The timeout (in seconds) for
serving a single request after which the worker process will be
terminated Should be used when 'max_execution_time' ini option does
not stop script execution for some reason '0s' means 'off' 0s The
timeout (in seconds) for serving of single request after which a
php backtrace will be dumped to slow.log file '0s' means 'off' 0s
The log file for slow requests logs/slow.log Set open file desc
rlimit 51200 Set max core size rlimit 0 Chroot to this directory at
the start, absolute path Chdir to this directory at the start,
absolute path Redirect workers' stdout and stderr into main error
log. If not set, they will be redirected to /dev/null, according to
FastCGI specs yes How much requests each process should execute
before respawn. Useful to work around memory leaks in 3rd party
libraries. For endless request processing please specify 0
Equivalent to PHP_FCGI_MAX_REQUESTS 10240 Comma separated list of
ipv4 addresses of FastCGI clients that allowed to connect.
Equivalent to FCGI_WEB_SERVER_ADDRS environment in original
php.fcgi (5.2.2+) Makes sense only with AF_INET listening socket.
127.0.0.1 Pass environment variables like LD_LIBRARY_PATH All
$VARIABLEs are taken from current environment
$HOSTNAME/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin/tmp/tmp/tmp$OSTYPE$MACHTYPE2
11,启动php-cgi进程,监听127.0.0.1的9000端口,进程数为5,用户为www
ulimit -SHn 65535/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm start
注:/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm还有其他参数,包 括:start|stop|quit|restart|reload|logrotate,修改php.ini后不重启php-cgi,重新加载配置文件 使用reload
12,安装Nginx
tar zxvf pcre-8.01.tar.gz
cd pcre-8.01/
./configure
make && make install
cd ../
tar zxvf nginx-0.7.65.tar.gz
cd nginx-0.7.65/
./configure --user=www --group=www --prefix=/usr/local/nginx
--with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module
--with-http_gzip_static_module
make && make install
cd ../
13,创建Nginx配置文件
mkdir -p /usr/local/nginx/conf/serversrm -f /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
输入以下内容:
user www www;
worker_processes 1;
error_log /home/www/logs/nginx_error.log crit;
pid /usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid;
#Specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be
opened by this process.
worker_rlimit_nofile 65535;
events
{
use epoll;
worker_connections 65535;
}
http
{
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
#charse gb2312;
server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
client_header_buffer_size 128k;
large_client_header_buffers 4 256k;
client_max_body_size 8m;
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;
keepalive_timeout 60;
tcp_nodelay on;
fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;
fastcgi_send_timeout 300;
fastcgi_read_timeout 300;
fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;
fastcgi_buffers 4 64k;
fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;
fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k;
gzip on;
gzip_min_length 1k;
gzip_buffers 4 16k;
gzip_http_version 1.1;
gzip_comp_level 9;
gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css
application/xml;
gzip_vary on;
output_buffers 4 32k;
postpone_output 1460;
#limit_zone crawler $binary_remote_addr 10m;
server
{
listen 80;
server_name vps.imcat.in;
index index.html index.htm index.php;
include location.conf;
root /home/www;
}
include servers/*;
}
14,在/usr/local/nginx/conf/目录中创建location.conf文件：
vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/location.conf输入内容:
location ~ .*.(php|php5)?$
{
#fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
include fastcgi.conf;
}
location ~ .*.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$
{
expires 30d;
}
location ~ .*.(js|css)?$
{
expires 12h;
}
多站点管理,可以在/usr/local/nginx/conf/servers目录添加配置文件,格式为:
vi/usr/local/nginx/conf/servers/imcat.conf
内容:
server
{
listen 80;
server_name imcat.in;
index index.html index.htm index.php;
root /home/www/imcat;
}
请注意,我是没有开启Nginx日志记录功能的.
启动Nginx:
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
放个探针看看
mv index.php /home/www/访问你的IP看看吧!
15,安装phpMyAdmin,管理Mysql数据库
tar zxvf phpMyAdmin-3.2.4-all-languages.tar.gzmv phpMyAdmin-3.2.4-all-languages /home/www/phpmyadmin
16,配置开机自动启动Nginx + PHP
echo "ulimit -SHn 65535" >>/etc/rc.localecho "/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm start" >>/etc/rc.local
echo "/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"
>>/etc/rc.local
17,优化Linux内核参数(我只在Xen VPS用过,Openvz VPS失败,慎用)
vi /etc/sysctl.conf在最后加入
# Add
net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 65536
net.core.netdev_max_backlog = 32768
net.core.somaxconn = 32768
net.core.wmem_default = 8388608
net.core.rmem_default = 8388608
net.core.rmem_max = 16777216
net.core.wmem_max = 16777216
net.ipv4.tcp_timestamps = 0
net.ipv4.tcp_synack_retries = 2
net.ipv4.tcp_syn_retries = 2
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 1
#net.ipv4.tcp_tw_len = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_mem = 94500000 915000000 927000000
net.ipv4.tcp_max_orphans = 3276800
#net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 30
#net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 120
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65535
使配置立即生效：
/sbin/sysctl -p18,需要安装ftp的,可以简单安装vsftpd应用:
yum -y install vsftpd/etc/init.d/vsftpd start
chkconfig --level 345 vsftpd on
19,请务必更改www用户密码:
passwd www