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SUSE Linux – Zypper 命令示例

2014-11-10 00:00:00 来源:中存储网

Zypper是SUSE Linux中用于安装,升级,卸载,管理仓库、进行各种包查询的命令行接口。本篇将会讨论zypper的几个不同命令的例子。

语法:

  1. # zypper [--global-opts] <command> [--command-opts] [command-arguments]

中括号中的部分可以不需要。执行zypper最简单的方法是输入 zypper 及 。

例子1:列出可用的全局选项和命令

打开终端,输入zypper并按回车,它会显示所有可用的全局选项和命令。

  1. linux-xa3t:~# zypper

例子2:获得zypper的某个命令的帮助

语法: zypper help [command]

  1. linux-xa3t:~# zypper help remove
  2. remove (rm)[options]<capability>...
  3.  
  4. Remove packages with specified capabilities.
  5. A capability is NAME[.ARCH][OP<VERSION>],where OP is one of <,<=,=,>=,>.
  6.  
  7. Command options:
  8. -r,--repo <alias|#|URI>Load only the specified repository.
  9. -t,--type <type>Type of package(package, patch, pattern, product).
  10.  
  11. Default:package.
  12. -n,--name Select packages by plain name,notby capability.
  13. -C,--capability Select packages by capability.
  14. --debug-solver Create solver test casefor debugging.
  15. -R,--no-force-resolution Donot force the solver to find solution,let it ask.
  16. --force-resolution Force the solver to find a solution (even an aggressive one).
  17. -u,--clean-deps Automatically remove unneeded dependencies.
  18. -U,--no-clean-deps No automatic removal of unneeded dependencies.
  19. -D,--dry-run Test the removal,donot actually remove.

例子3:打开zypper shell/会话

  1. linux-xa3t:~# zypper sh
  2. zypper>

  1. linux-xa3t:~# zypper shell
  2. zypper>

例子4:列出已定义的仓库

  1. linux-xa3t:~# zypper repos

  1. linux-xa3t:~# zypper lr

4.1) 以表格的形式列出仓库的URI

4.2) 以优先级列出仓库

  1. linux-xa3t:~# zypper lr -p

例子5:刷新仓库

  1. linux-xa3t:~# zypper ref
  2. Repository'openSUSE-13.1-Non-Oss'is up to date.
  3. Repository'openSUSE-13.1-Oss'is up to date.
  4. Repository'openSUSE-13.1-Update'is up to date.
  5. Repository'openSUSE-13.1-Update-Non-Oss'is up to date.
  6. All repositories have been refreshed.

例子6:修改zypper仓库

zypper仓库可以通过别名、数字或者URI或者通过‘–all、 –remote、 –local、 –medium-type’这些选项修改。

linux-xa3t:~ # zypper mr -d 6 #禁用6号仓库 linux-xa3t:~ # zypper mr -rk -p 70 upd #启用自动书信并为‘upd’仓库设置rpm文件‘缓存’,且设置它的优先级为70 linux-xa3t:~ # zypper mr -Ka #为所有的仓库禁用rpm文件缓存 linux-xa3t:~ # zypper mr -kt #为远程仓库设置rpm文件缓存

例子7:添加仓库

语法: zypper addrepo 或者 zypper ar <仓库的URL或者别名>

  1. linux-xa3t:~# zypper ar http://download.opensuse.org/update/13.1/ update
  2. Adding repository 'update'.............................................[done]
  3. Repository'update' successfully added
  4. Enabled:Yes
  5. Autorefresh:No
  6. GPG check:Yes
  7. URI: http://download.opensuse.org/update/13.1/

例子8:移除仓库

语法: zypper removerepo <仓库名> <别名>

或者

zypper rr <仓库名> <别名>

  1. linux-xa3t:~# zypper rr openSUSE-13.1-1.10 openSUSE-13.1-1.10
  2. Removing repository 'openSUSE-13.1-1.10'............................[done]
  3. Repository'openSUSE-13.1-1.10' has been removed.

更多详情见请继续阅读下一页的精彩内容: http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2014-11/109214p2.htm