告诉你基于Ubuntu 14.04 LTS编译Android4.4.2源代码的方法及命令-中存储网

2015-05-24 23:35:03 来源：中存储网

环境准备：
基本环境：Ubuntu-14.04-desktop-64bit LTS(裸机或者Windows下虚拟机安装均可，12.04也可以，但10.04当前不支持了)
其他要求：空闲磁盘空间100G以上，代码部分接近10G，其他为git和编译中间和目标文件准备

第一部分：环境初始化

1. 安装Oracle JDK
注意：一旦编译Android4.4不能用OpenJDK，必须用Oracle JDK1.6，1.7当前是不支持的。

2. 安装必备工具软件
注意：这里与官方的有个包不同，官方的包会报错.

$sudo apt-get install git gnupg flex bison gperf build-essential zip curl libc6-dev libncurses5-dev:i386 x11proto-core-dev libx11-dev:i386 libreadline6-dev:i386 libgl1-mesa-dri:i386 libgl1-mesa-dev g++-multilib mingw32 tofrodos python-markdown libxml2-utils xsltproc zlib1g-dev:i386 dpkg-dev
$ sudo ln -s /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/mesa/libGL.so.1 /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libGL.so

3. 配置USB访问权限
将如下内容加入到/etc/udev/rules.d/51-android.rules文件中

# adb protocol on passion (Nexus One)
SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="18d1", ATTR{idProduct}=="4e12", MODE="0600", OWNER="<username>"
# fastboot protocol on passion (Nexus One)
SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="0bb4", ATTR{idProduct}=="0fff", MODE="0600", OWNER="<username>"
# adb protocol on crespo/crespo4g (Nexus S)
SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="18d1", ATTR{idProduct}=="4e22", MODE="0600", OWNER="<username>"
# fastboot protocol on crespo/crespo4g (Nexus S)
SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="18d1", ATTR{idProduct}=="4e20", MODE="0600", OWNER="<username>"
# adb protocol on stingray/wingray (Xoom)
SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="22b8", ATTR{idProduct}=="70a9", MODE="0600", OWNER="<username>"
# fastboot protocol on stingray/wingray (Xoom)
SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="18d1", ATTR{idProduct}=="708c", MODE="0600", OWNER="<username>"
# adb protocol on maguro/toro (Galaxy Nexus)
SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="04e8", ATTR{idProduct}=="6860", MODE="0600", OWNER="<username>"
# fastboot protocol on maguro/toro (Galaxy Nexus)
SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="18d1", ATTR{idProduct}=="4e30", MODE="0600", OWNER="<username>"
# adb protocol on panda (PandaBoard)
SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="0451", ATTR{idProduct}=="d101", MODE="0600", OWNER="<username>"
# adb protocol on panda (PandaBoard ES)
SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="18d1", ATTR{idProduct}=="d002", MODE="0600", OWNER="<username>"
# fastboot protocol on panda (PandaBoard)
SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="0451", ATTR{idProduct}=="d022", MODE="0600", OWNER="<username>"
# usbboot protocol on panda (PandaBoard)
SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="0451", ATTR{idProduct}=="d00f", MODE="0600", OWNER="<username>"
# usbboot protocol on panda (PandaBoard ES)
SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="0451", ATTR{idProduct}=="d010", MODE="0600", OWNER="<username>"
# adb protocol on grouper/tilapia (Nexus 7)
SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="18d1", ATTR{idProduct}=="4e42", MODE="0600", OWNER="<username>"
# fastboot protocol on grouper/tilapia (Nexus 7)
SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="18d1", ATTR{idProduct}=="4e40", MODE="0600", OWNER="<username>"
# adb protocol on manta (Nexus 10)
SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="18d1", ATTR{idProduct}=="4ee2", MODE="0600", OWNER="<username>"
# fastboot protocol on manta (Nexus 10)
SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="18d1", ATTR{idProduct}=="4ee0", MODE="0600", OWNER="<username>"

然后执行如下命令，将上述文件中的username替换为你的用户名。

4. 配置ccache
安装ccache并将export USE_CCACHE=1加入到~/.bashrc中。

$sudo apt-get install ccache
$source ~/.bashrc

第二部分：源代码下载

1. 安装repo
(1) 创建目录

$ mkdir ~/bin
$ PATH=~/bin:$PATH

(2) 下载repo工具
注：由于防火墙的原因，官方提供的链接无法使用，需替换为如下：
官方的为curl http://commondatastorage.googleapis.com/git-repo-downloads/repo > ~/bin/repo
可用的：

curl http://git-repo.googlecode.com/files/repo-1.12 > ~/bin/repo

(3) 增加可执行权限

$ chmod a+x ~/bin/repo

2. 初始化Repo客户端
(1)创建目录

$mkdir aosp
$cd aosp

(2) 初始化repo
注：后面可能出现网络错误，请先将如下内容加入到/etc/hosts中然后做后面的步骤。

74.125.71.82 www.googlesource.com
74.125.31.82 android.googlesource.com
203.208.46.172 cache.pack.google.com
59.24.3.173 cache.pack.google.com

至于为什么要出现网络错误，你懂的！

$repo init -u https://android.googlesource.com/platform/manifest -b android-4.4.2_r2

注意：一旦是在虚拟机中执行，需要采用email验证的方式，详细参见参考资料[2].
设置git的用户名和邮件地址，将您的真实email地址和name替换了：

git config --global user.email "you@example.com"
git config --global user.name "Your Name"

修改aosp/.resp/manifest.xml，将fetch=".."改为：
fetch="https://android.googlesource.com/"

3. 下载源代码

$repo sync

注意：系统可能会提示你升级repo，最好不要升级，除非你有十足信息解决升级后的一系列问题。

好了，慢慢等吧，短则数小时，长则几天几夜！我花了5个小时。

第三部分：源代码编译

1. 设置ccache
注：aosp为源代码根目录

$ cd aosp
$ prebuilts/misc/linux-x86/ccache/ccache -M 50G

2. 设置输出目录
略：由于我未分区，因此采用默认的out目录
3. 初始化编译环境

linux@dUbuntu1404:~/devenv/aosp$ . build/envsetup.sh
including device/samsung/manta/vendorsetup.sh
including device/generic/mips/vendorsetup.sh
including device/generic/armv7-a-neon/vendorsetup.sh
including device/generic/x86/vendorsetup.sh
including device/lge/mako/vendorsetup.sh
including device/lge/hammerhead/vendorsetup.sh
including device/asus/tilapia/vendorsetup.sh
including device/asus/deb/vendorsetup.sh
including device/asus/grouper/vendorsetup.sh
including device/asus/flo/vendorsetup.sh
including sdk/bash_completion/adb.bash
linux@dubuntu1404:~/devenv/aosp$

4. 选择编译目标包
注：目标包的选择跟你的硬件有关。我这里选择9，mako

linux@dubuntu1404:~/devenv/aosp$ lunch
You're building on Linux
Lunch menu... pick a combo:
1. aosp_arm-eng
2. aosp_x86-eng
3. aosp_mips-eng
4. vbox_x86-eng
5. aosp_manta-userdebug
6. mini_mips-userdebug
7. mini_armv7a_neon-userdebug
8. mini_x86-userdebug
9. aosp_mako-userdebug
10. aosp_hammerhead-userdebug
11. aosp_tilapia-userdebug
12. aosp_deb-userdebug
13. aosp_grouper-userdebug
14. aosp_flo-userdebug
Which would you like? [aosp_arm-eng] 9

PLATFORM_VERSION_CODENAME=REL
PLATFORM_VERSION=4.4.2
TARGET_PRODUCT=aosp_mako
TARGET_BUILD_VARIANT=userdebug
TARGET_BUILD_TYPE=release
TARGET_BUILD_APPS=
TARGET_ARCH=arm
TARGET_ARCH_VARIANT=armv7-a-neon
TARGET_CPU_VARIANT=krait
HOST_ARCH=x86
HOST_OS=linux
HOST_OS_EXTRA=Linux-3.13.0-24-generic-x86_64-with-Ubuntu-14.04-trusty
HOST_BUILD_TYPE=release
BUILD_ID=KVT49L
OUT_DIR=out

linux@dubuntu1404:~/devenv/aosp$ make -j4

注：j4中的数字跟你的CPU个数和核数有关，详细参见参考资料[3].

整个编译过程，大约花了三个小时。编译成功后会在out目录下生成img文件。

5. 将img加载到物理机

(1) 将手机用USB数据线连接到机器

(2) 安装fastboot工具

$ sudo apt-get install Android-tools-fastboot

(3) 设置ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT环境变量

将如下部分加入~/.bashrc文件中：

export ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT=/home/linux/devenv/aosp/out/target/product/mako

然后保存执行". .bashrc"使其生效。

(4) 以fastboot模式重启手机

$ adb reboot bootloader

此时手机会重启，呈现一个与往不同的fastboot界面

(5) 将编译的img刷到目标机

linux@dubuntu1404:~/devenv/aosp/out$ fastboot flashall -w
Bootloader Version...: PRIMEMD04
Baseband Version.....: I9250XXLJ1
Serial Number........: 0146A0D00600900B
checking product...
FAILED
Device product is 'tuna'.
Update requires 'mako'.
finished. total time: 0.035s

(注：由于我的物理机三星I9250在lunch里没有对应的型号，因此会加载失败，这里这是记录过程)
一旦需要编译其他版本，可执行如下步骤，这里选择虚拟机用的通用版本aosp_arm-eng。

$ cd aosp
linux@dubuntu1404:~/devenv/aosp$ . build/envsetup.sh
including device/samsung/manta/vendorsetup.sh
including device/generic/mips/vendorsetup.sh
including device/generic/armv7-a-neon/vendorsetup.sh
including device/generic/x86/vendorsetup.sh
including device/lge/mako/vendorsetup.sh
including device/lge/hammerhead/vendorsetup.sh
including device/asus/tilapia/vendorsetup.sh
including device/asus/deb/vendorsetup.sh
including device/asus/grouper/vendorsetup.sh
including device/asus/flo/vendorsetup.sh
including sdk/bash_completion/adb.bash
linux@dubuntu1404:~/devenv/aosp$ lunch aosp_arm-eng

PLATFORM_VERSION_CODENAME=REL
PLATFORM_VERSION=4.4.2
TARGET_PRODUCT=aosp_arm
TARGET_BUILD_VARIANT=eng
TARGET_BUILD_TYPE=release
TARGET_BUILD_APPS=
TARGET_ARCH=arm
TARGET_ARCH_VARIANT=armv7-a
TARGET_CPU_VARIANT=generic
HOST_ARCH=x86
HOST_OS=linux
HOST_OS_EXTRA=Linux-3.13.0-24-generic-x86_64-with-Ubuntu-14.04-trusty
HOST_BUILD_TYPE=release
BUILD_ID=KVT49L
OUT_DIR=out

linux@dubuntu1404:~/devenv/aosp$ make -j4

including ./abi/cpp/Android.mk ...
including ./art/Android.mk ...
....中间过程省略
Install system fs image: out/target/product/generic/system.img
out/target/product/generic/system.img+ maxsize=588791808 blocksize=2112 total=576716800 reserve=5947392

编译完成，执行如下命令可以将您刚build好的ROM在模拟器里运行起来，第一次启动的时间可能比较长：

$ emulator &
注意：一旦提示找不到emulator命令，可将如下环境变量重新初始化一遍(也就是每次重新进入系统运行的时候，都需要初始化一遍)，lunch后面的参数要与你编译的ROM选项一致。

$. build/envsetup.sh
$lunch aosp_arm-eng

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