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Ubuntu系统下安装Nginx的过程记录

2013-11-26 17:56:01 来源:中存储网

点评:在Ubuntu下安装nginx的步骤介绍,使用Ubuntu的朋友可以参考下

1)、下载

  sudo wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.2.2.tar.gz

2)、解压

  sudo tar -xzvf nginx-1.2.2.tar.gz

3)、进入相关目录进行以下操作

./configure

make

sudo make install   如果你运气好的话,一切ok,不过...........哈哈。Ubuntu默认的策略是什么库都不装,依赖的库都需要自已手工安装搞定。 一般都会出错的,那么我们来看看可能出现的问题。

4)、常见问题解决办法

  缺少pcre library

./configure: error: the HTTP rewrite module requires the PCRE library. You can either disable the module by using --without-http_rewrite_module option, or install the PCRE library into the system, or build the PCRE library statically from the source with nginx by using --with-pcre=<path> option.   

解决方法:下载安装pcre-8.31解决问题,解压后对pcre进行如下操作

sudo wget ftp://ftp.csx.cam.ac.uk/pub/software/programming/pcre/pcre-8.31.tar.gz

sudo tar -xzvf pcre-8.31.tar.gz

cd /usr/local/src/pcre-8.31

./configure

make

sudo make install   运气好一次通过,运气不好,make pcre时会出错

缺少gcc-c++和libtool,也就是c++编译包 libtool: compile: unrecognized option `-DHAVE_CONFIG_H'

libtool: compile: Try `libtool --help' for more information.

make[1]: *** [pcrecpp.lo] Error 1

make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/local/src//pcre-8.31'

make: *** [all] Error [email protected]:~/work/pcre-8.12$ libtool -help -DHAVE_CONFIG_H

The program 'libtool' is currently not installed. You can install it by typing:

sudo apt-get install libtool 解决方法:需要先安装libtool和gcc-c++

?sudo apt-get install libtool

sudo apt-get install gcc-c++

  大爷啊~~~这时候可能又会报错啊,坑爹啊~~~

  缺少openssl库 ./configure: error: the HTTP cache module requires md5 functions

from OpenSSL library. You can either disable the module by using

--without-http-cache option, or install the OpenSSL library into the system,

or build the OpenSSL library statically from the source with nginx by using

--with-http_ssl_module --with-openssl=<path> options. 缺少zlib库 ./configure: error: the HTTP gzip module requires the zlib library.

You can either disable the module by using --without-http_gzip_module

option, or install the zlib library into the system, or build the zlib library

statically from the source with nginx by using --with-zlib=<path> option.    解决办法:少什么就安装什么呗。

sudo apt-get install openssl libssl-dev libperl-dev

4)、解决了以上问题,编译nginx就没啥问题了。下面安装。(附加安装插件的方法)

  先下载插件并解压 sudo wget https://github.com/agentzh/echo-nginx-module/tarball/v0.40rc1 -O echo-nginx-module.tar.gz

sudo wget https://nodeload.github.com/agentzh/memc-nginx-module/tarball/v0.13rc3 -O memc-nginx-module.tar.gz

sudo tar -xzvf echo-nginx-module.tar.gz

sudo tar -xzvf memc-nginx-module.tar.gz   进入nginx目录cd nginx-1.2.2/,执行以下命令 ./configure --user=www-data --group=www-data --with-debug --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-pcre=../pcre-8.31/ --with-http_perl_module --with-perl=/usr/bin/perl --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_realip_module

--prefix=/usr/local/nginx

--add-module=../agentzh-echo-nginx-module-9259898/

--add-module=../agentzh-memc-nginx-module-4007350/

注:前面一段是一些编译参数,后面add-module是添加模块

make -j2

make install 大爷的,又可能报错。没有nginx,logs目录访问权限 [alert]: could not open error log file: open() "/usr/local/nginx/logs/error.log" failed (13: Permission denied)

2011/03/21 06:09:33 [emerg] 24855#0: mkdir() "/usr/local/nginx/client_body_temp" failed (13: Permission denied) 解决办法: sudo chmod a+rwx -R logs

sudo chmod a+rwx -R /usr/local/nginx    现在,差不多没问题了。

可以进入/usr/local/nginx/sbin/执行以下命令看是否成功:

  nginx -v

5)、nginx自启动

编辑启动脚本: sudo vim /etc/init.d/nginx #! /bin/bash

#

# nginx Start up the nginx server daemon

#

# chkconfig: 2345 55 25

# Description: starts and stops the nginx web server

#

### BEGIN INIT INFO

# Provides: nginx

# Required-Start: $all

# Required-Stop: $all

# Default-Start: 2 3 4 5

# Default-Stop: 0 1 6

# Description: starts and stops the nginx web server

### END INIT INFO

# To install:

# copy this file to /etc/init.d/nginx

# shell> chkconfig --add nginx (RedHat)

# shell> update-rc.d -f nginx defaults (debian)

# To uninstall:

# shell> chkconfig --del nginx (RedHat)

# shell> update-rc.d -f nginx remove

PATH=/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin

NAME=nginx

DAEMON=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/$NAME

CONFIGFILE=/usr/local/nginx/conf/$NAME.conf

PIDFILE=/var/local/nginx/logs/$NAME.pid

ULIMIT=10240

set -e

[ -x "$DAEMON" ] || exit 0

do_start() {

echo "Starting $NAME ..."

ulimit -SHn $ULIMIT

$DAEMON -c $CONFIGFILE

}

do_stop() {

echo "Shutting down $NAME ..."

kill 'cat $PIDFILE'

}

do_reload() {

echo "Reloading $NAME ..."

kill -HUP 'cat $PIDFILE'

}

case "$1" in

start)

[ ! -f "$PIDFILE" ] && do_start || echo "nginx already running"

echo -e ".ndone"

;;

stop)

[ -f "$PIDFILE" ] && do_stop || echo "nginx not running"

echo -e ".ndone"

;;

restart)

[ -f "$PIDFILE" ] && do_stop || echo "nginx not running"

do_start

echo -e ".ndone"

;;

reload)

[ -f "$PIDFILE" ] && do_reload || echo "nginx not running"

echo -e ".ndone"

;;

*)

N=/etc/init.d/$NAME

echo "Usage: $N {start|stop|restart|reload}" >&2

exit 1

;;

esac

exit 0 红色部分,根据自己的路径修改。

6)、常用命令

重启nginx:service nginx restart

启动:service nginx start

关闭:service nginx stop

7)、linux常用命令

tar(z-用 gzip 对存档压缩或解压;x-从存档展开文件;v-详细显示处理的文件;f-指定存档或设备)

tar –zxvf nginx-0.8.54.tar.gz

ip查看

ifconfig

编译

make

安装编译好的源码包

make install

编辑文件

sudo gedit /etc/profile

修改根限:chmod说明(u:与文件属主拥有一样的权限[a:所有人];+:增加权限;rwx:可读可写可执行)

-R:递归所有目录和文件

sudo chmod a+rwx -R logs

检查是库是否安装成功

dpkg --list|grep openssl

下载安装库

sudo apt-get install libtool

检查服务启动是否正常

ps -ef|grep

查找openssl安装路径

whereis openssl

更新源

sudo apt-get update

更新已安装的包

sudo apt-get upgrade