Nginx ("engine x") 是一个高性能的 HTTP 和 反向代理 服务器,也是一个 IMAP/POP3/SMTP代理服务器。已经因为它的稳定性、丰富的功能集、示例配置文件和低系统资源的消耗而被人们广泛使用了。
大多数人选择它主要考虑到的是它的高并发和负载均衡。
一、安装Nginx
1. tar zxvf nginx-0.7.44.tar.gz
2、编译安装nginx
cd nginx-0.7.44
./configure --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --prefix=/usr/local/nginx
执行后,可能会提示 ./configure: error: the HTTP rewrite module requires the PCRE library.这个错误,是缺少pcre 包,可用yum install pcre pcre-devlel来解决
3、make && make install
4、nginx安装成功后的安装目录为/usr/local/nginx
5.编辑配置文件nginx.conf
#user www www;
worker_processes 8; #启动进程数,可根据机器核数来修改
error_log /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx_error.log crit; #全局错误日志及PID文件
pid /usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid;
worker_rlimit_nofile 65535;
events
{
use epoll;
worker_connections 65535; #工作模式及连接数上限
}
http #设定http服务器,利用它的反向代理功能提供负载均衡支持
{
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
access_log logs/access.log main; #定义的日志格式和存放路径
#General Options
server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
client_header_buffer_size 32k;
large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;
client_body_buffer_size 8m; #256k
server_tokens off;
ignore_invalid_headers on;
recursive_error_pages on;
server_name_in_redirect off;
sendfile on;
#timeouts
keepalive_timeout 60;
#client_body_timeout 3m;
#client_header_timeout 3m;
#send_timeout 3m;
#TCP Options
tcp_nopush on;
tcp_nodelay on;
#size limits
client_max_body_size 50m;
gzip on;
gzip_min_length 1k;
gzip_buffers 4 16k;
gzip_http_version 1.0;
gzip_comp_level 2;
gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;
gzip_vary on;
upstream xxx.com {
ip_hash;
server x.x.x.x:8080 max_fails=0 weight=1;
server x.x.x.x:8080 max_fails=0 weight=1; #8080为tomcat端口
}
server {
listen 80 default;
rewrite ^(.*) http://www.xxx.com/ permanent;
#charset koi8-r;
#access_log logs/host.access.log main;
#error_page 404 /404.html;
# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
#
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
}
server
{
listen 80;
server_name www.xxx.com;
index index.php index.html index.htm;
root /http;
access_log /data/logs/access.xxx.com.log combined;
error_log /data/logs/error_test.xxx.log;
#expires
location ~ .*.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$
{
expires 30d;
}
location ~ .*.(js|css)?$
{
expires 24h;
}
location /nginxstatus {
stub_status on;
access_log off;
}
# location ~ .*.jsp?$
location /
{
proxy_pass http://xxx.com;
proxy_redirect off;
# proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header Host $http_host;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_set_header Connection Close;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $remote_addr;
error_page 404 /404.html;
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
# location = /50x.html {
# root html;
# }
}
}
}
6、修改/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf配置文件后,用命令/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t 检查配置文件是否正确:
7、启动nginx的命令
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
8、停止nginx的命令
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop
9、在不停止Nginx服务的情况下加载Nginx配置
kill -HUP `cat /usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid`
10.nginx网站开启后(已启用stub_stauts),可用http://www.xxx.com/nginxstatus查看nginx状态
active connections -- 对后端发起的活动连接数
server accepts handled requests -- nginx 总共处理的连接, 成功创建了几次握手 总共处理了多少个请求
reading -- nginx 读取到客户端的Header信息数
writing -- nginx 返回给客户端的Header信息数
waiting -- 开启 keep-alive 的情况下,这个值等于 active - (reading + writing)
下面开始Tomcat的安装了,那就更简单了,网上文档也是一大把Tomcat安装
一、 jdk的安装
安装的jdk为:jdk-6u21-linux-x64.bin
1.sh jdk-6u17-linux-x64-rpm.bin
2.安装程序在问您是否愿意遵守刚才看过的许可协议。输入"y" 或 "yes" 回车
3.执行后,把后成的文件夹命名为jdk,放到/usr/local/下 (路径可自己选,但在变量中要指出)
4.vi /etc/profile
在里面添加如下内容
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk
export JAVA_BIN=/usr/local/jdk/bin
export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin
export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar
5. source /etc/profile 使刚才填加的生效
6.验证
java -version
屏幕输出:
java version "1.6.0_13"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.6.0_13-b03)
Java HotSpot(TM) Server VM (build 11.3-b02, mixed mode)
安装JDK1.6完毕.
二、 Tomcat的安装
下载apache-tomcat-6.0.18.tar.gz,解压后更名或更改存放路径(可自行规定)
nginx与tomcat的结合,主要用的是nginx中的upstream,后端可包括有多台tomcat来处理动态页面。